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	<title>Comments on: High on CELS</title>
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	<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html</link>
	<description>The Law, the Universe, and Everything</description>
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		<title>By: A.J. Sutter</title>
		<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html/comment-page-1#comment-66424</link>
		<dc:creator>A.J. Sutter</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Nov 2009 02:27:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.concurringopinions.com/?p=22396#comment-66424</guid>
		<description>Thanks for the reply, Dave, but it begs the question.  No doubt the fans of the &quot;informed minority&quot; argument thought it was great stuff, too, and based on scientific principles of microeconomics. Certainly it&#039;s a common behavior in economics to use IV-based explanations. But one can&#039;t infer causality from statistics without either having some exogenous information, or else making some exogenous and not-necessarily-justified assumptions about the causal structure (e.g., the &quot;causal Markov condition&quot;). OTOH correlations may be enough for making useful predictions, and if people are trying to make predictive models, they don&#039;t need to rely on causal explanation, however tempting it may be to do so.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for the reply, Dave, but it begs the question.  No doubt the fans of the &#8220;informed minority&#8221; argument thought it was great stuff, too, and based on scientific principles of microeconomics. Certainly it&#8217;s a common behavior in economics to use IV-based explanations. But one can&#8217;t infer causality from statistics without either having some exogenous information, or else making some exogenous and not-necessarily-justified assumptions about the causal structure (e.g., the &#8220;causal Markov condition&#8221;). OTOH correlations may be enough for making useful predictions, and if people are trying to make predictive models, they don&#8217;t need to rely on causal explanation, however tempting it may be to do so.</p>
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		<title>By: dave hoffman</title>
		<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html/comment-page-1#comment-66422</link>
		<dc:creator>dave hoffman</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Nov 2009 19:44:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.concurringopinions.com/?p=22396#comment-66422</guid>
		<description>AJ:  The use of instrumental variables to talk about causality is normal science in economics.  Sometimes great stuff results!  

VH:  I agree with you 100%.  Some of the commentators were simply amazing (as you mentioned, Bob MacCoun&#039;s comments in the policing panel were particularly insightful).  The organizers did a great job pairing.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>AJ:  The use of instrumental variables to talk about causality is normal science in economics.  Sometimes great stuff results!  </p>
<p>VH:  I agree with you 100%.  Some of the commentators were simply amazing (as you mentioned, Bob MacCoun&#8217;s comments in the policing panel were particularly insightful).  The organizers did a great job pairing.</p>
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		<title>By: Valerie Hans</title>
		<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html/comment-page-1#comment-66417</link>
		<dc:creator>Valerie Hans</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Nov 2009 14:29:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.concurringopinions.com/?p=22396#comment-66417</guid>
		<description>Dave, I enjoyed your comments about the CELS conference. I think the best feature of the conference is the individual discussants. I didn&#039;t think that while I was organizing the Cornell CELS in 2008, because it&#039;s so tough to work to get just the right discussants, but when they are a good match for the paper (as they were in several panels I saw: Capital Punishment, Torts, Criminal Evidence) they can really advance the discussion to a new level.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dave, I enjoyed your comments about the CELS conference. I think the best feature of the conference is the individual discussants. I didn&#8217;t think that while I was organizing the Cornell CELS in 2008, because it&#8217;s so tough to work to get just the right discussants, but when they are a good match for the paper (as they were in several panels I saw: Capital Punishment, Torts, Criminal Evidence) they can really advance the discussion to a new level.</p>
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		<title>By: A.J. Sutter</title>
		<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html/comment-page-1#comment-66416</link>
		<dc:creator>A.J. Sutter</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Nov 2009 14:09:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.concurringopinions.com/?p=22396#comment-66416</guid>
		<description>Are they doing qualitative research? Your reference to variables suggests not. If all they&#039;re observing are statistical correlations, how can they hope to get causal stories? Or do I need to qualify that as &#039;&lt;b&gt;valid&lt;/b&gt; causal stories&#039;?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Are they doing qualitative research? Your reference to variables suggests not. If all they&#8217;re observing are statistical correlations, how can they hope to get causal stories? Or do I need to qualify that as &#8216;<b>valid</b> causal stories&#8217;?</p>
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		<title>By: dave hoffman</title>
		<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html/comment-page-1#comment-66409</link>
		<dc:creator>dave hoffman</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Nov 2009 03:06:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.concurringopinions.com/?p=22396#comment-66409</guid>
		<description>AJ, I meant that more people (than last year) seemed to be searching for clever instrumental variables that would enable some sort of causal story to be told from observational data.  Fewer such projects appeared (to me) to be asking questions that lawyers would think relevant.  Not that lawyers&#039; view of relevance is the only criteria!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>AJ, I meant that more people (than last year) seemed to be searching for clever instrumental variables that would enable some sort of causal story to be told from observational data.  Fewer such projects appeared (to me) to be asking questions that lawyers would think relevant.  Not that lawyers&#8217; view of relevance is the only criteria!</p>
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		<title>By: A.J. Sutter</title>
		<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html/comment-page-1#comment-66408</link>
		<dc:creator>A.J. Sutter</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Nov 2009 02:55:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.concurringopinions.com/?p=22396#comment-66408</guid>
		<description>If I may venture to poke my head through the flames and change the subject: 

(1) what does &quot;More instruments, less law&quot; mean?

(2) Apropos of Bakos &amp; al: That people should have taken the &quot;informed minority&quot; argument seriously for more than a quarter-century without empirically testing it is simply shocking. And I&#039;m not talking about Claude Rains, &lt;i&gt;Casablanca&lt;/i&gt; shocking. I mean it seriously. Is any more evidence needed that L&amp;E is operating in its own hermetic ideological and/or theological universe?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If I may venture to poke my head through the flames and change the subject: </p>
<p>(1) what does &#8220;More instruments, less law&#8221; mean?</p>
<p>(2) Apropos of Bakos &amp; al: That people should have taken the &#8220;informed minority&#8221; argument seriously for more than a quarter-century without empirically testing it is simply shocking. And I&#8217;m not talking about Claude Rains, <i>Casablanca</i> shocking. I mean it seriously. Is any more evidence needed that L&amp;E is operating in its own hermetic ideological and/or theological universe?</p>
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		<title>By: dave hoffman</title>
		<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html/comment-page-1#comment-66407</link>
		<dc:creator>dave hoffman</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Nov 2009 02:17:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.concurringopinions.com/?p=22396#comment-66407</guid>
		<description>Mark, you are free to put it to me, but I don&#039;t agree that your reading is natural nor necessary, and it isn&#039;t (at any rate) what I actually meant.  Lest my comment by misconstrued by you again, let me be clear:  I intended perfect storm to modify primarily the use of prohibition as a form of social control, an outcome that libertarians would be particularly averse to.  At the same time, libertarian gun advocates at the VC generally see less risk to the public than I do from felons possessing guns as a result of a weakening of the gun control regulatory system.  (That&#039;s not to say that they believe that it is good for felons to possess guns, but rather that they see different risks at play.)

Obviously it&#039;s the case that if the 2nd Amendment is incorporated, state and city regulations which restrict gun possession by non-felons impair citizens&#039; rights.  (That&#039;s not to say they are unconstitutional impairments -- we don&#039;t know the level of scrutiny that applies, after all.)  Who could disagree with that proposition after Heller?  

Have you read the paper? What do you think of it?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mark, you are free to put it to me, but I don&#8217;t agree that your reading is natural nor necessary, and it isn&#8217;t (at any rate) what I actually meant.  Lest my comment by misconstrued by you again, let me be clear:  I intended perfect storm to modify primarily the use of prohibition as a form of social control, an outcome that libertarians would be particularly averse to.  At the same time, libertarian gun advocates at the VC generally see less risk to the public than I do from felons possessing guns as a result of a weakening of the gun control regulatory system.  (That&#8217;s not to say that they believe that it is good for felons to possess guns, but rather that they see different risks at play.)</p>
<p>Obviously it&#8217;s the case that if the 2nd Amendment is incorporated, state and city regulations which restrict gun possession by non-felons impair citizens&#8217; rights.  (That&#8217;s not to say they are unconstitutional impairments &#8212; we don&#8217;t know the level of scrutiny that applies, after all.)  Who could disagree with that proposition after Heller?  </p>
<p>Have you read the paper? What do you think of it?</p>
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		<title>By: Are ADR and Empirical Legal Studies Cousins ?</title>
		<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html/comment-page-1#comment-66406</link>
		<dc:creator>Are ADR and Empirical Legal Studies Cousins ?</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 23:42:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.concurringopinions.com/?p=22396#comment-66406</guid>
		<description>[...] the conference as a whole was first rate.  Not so shockingly, others agree as you can see  here, here, and here.  I am grateful to Susan Franck for bringing this opportunity to my attention.  [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] the conference as a whole was first rate.  Not so shockingly, others agree as you can see  here, here, and here.  I am grateful to Susan Franck for bringing this opportunity to my attention.  [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Mark Seecof</title>
		<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html/comment-page-1#comment-66405</link>
		<dc:creator>Mark Seecof</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 22:54:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.concurringopinions.com/?p=22396#comment-66405</guid>
		<description>&quot;Outcomes&quot; is a plural and in context &quot;storm&quot; is a collective.  &quot;Outcomes&quot; and &quot;storm&quot; clearly refer to your antecedent list &quot;guns off the streets AND out of the hands of felons. [emphasis added]&quot;  You didn&#039;t qualify &quot;Volokh Conspirators&quot; with &quot;some&quot; in your original post.  I put it to you that any reader with an ordinary command of written English would understand your post exactly as I did.

(Also, by conjoining &quot;guns off the street&quot; with &quot;out of the hands of felons&quot; you implied, contrary to your subsequent comment, that &quot;guns on the street&quot; are wicked-- although I would be happy to join your apparent suggestion, if indeed you intended to proffer it, that laws which severely restrict gun possession by non-felons impair Second Amendment rights.)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Outcomes&#8221; is a plural and in context &#8220;storm&#8221; is a collective.  &#8220;Outcomes&#8221; and &#8220;storm&#8221; clearly refer to your antecedent list &#8220;guns off the streets AND out of the hands of felons. [emphasis added]&#8221;  You didn&#8217;t qualify &#8220;Volokh Conspirators&#8221; with &#8220;some&#8221; in your original post.  I put it to you that any reader with an ordinary command of written English would understand your post exactly as I did.</p>
<p>(Also, by conjoining &#8220;guns off the street&#8221; with &#8220;out of the hands of felons&#8221; you implied, contrary to your subsequent comment, that &#8220;guns on the street&#8221; are wicked&#8211; although I would be happy to join your apparent suggestion, if indeed you intended to proffer it, that laws which severely restrict gun possession by non-felons impair Second Amendment rights.)</p>
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		<title>By: Dave Hoffman</title>
		<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html/comment-page-1#comment-66400</link>
		<dc:creator>Dave Hoffman</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 19:08:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.concurringopinions.com/?p=22396#comment-66400</guid>
		<description>Well, I&#039;m pretty eager for people to see *you* as a jerk after that comment.  Does that count? 

1)  This isn&#039;t a VC comment thread. Watch your tone.

2)  I didn&#039;t write that VC folks want to see felons with guns, although I think that some folks on the VC have different views of the relevant risks and benefits of looser gun laws, which would produce more felons with guns, than other folks on the VC, and me.  What I wrote was: &quot;Indeed, the surprise of the paper is how well pot works as a method to get guns off the streets and out of the hands of felons (Volokh Conspirators’ perfect storm of bad outcomes).&quot;  Since most guns on the streets are in the hands of non-felons who are simply holding unlawfully, I think that pot-as-social-control means a significant restriction of citizens second amendment rights (at least in terms of chilling effects).  Additionally, the real part of the process that matters is restriction of pot, which also is a major source of annoyance to some VCers who are libertarian.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Well, I&#8217;m pretty eager for people to see *you* as a jerk after that comment.  Does that count? </p>
<p>1)  This isn&#8217;t a VC comment thread. Watch your tone.</p>
<p>2)  I didn&#8217;t write that VC folks want to see felons with guns, although I think that some folks on the VC have different views of the relevant risks and benefits of looser gun laws, which would produce more felons with guns, than other folks on the VC, and me.  What I wrote was: &#8220;Indeed, the surprise of the paper is how well pot works as a method to get guns off the streets and out of the hands of felons (Volokh Conspirators’ perfect storm of bad outcomes).&#8221;  Since most guns on the streets are in the hands of non-felons who are simply holding unlawfully, I think that pot-as-social-control means a significant restriction of citizens second amendment rights (at least in terms of chilling effects).  Additionally, the real part of the process that matters is restriction of pot, which also is a major source of annoyance to some VCers who are libertarian.</p>
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		<title>By: Mark Seecof</title>
		<link>http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2009/11/high-on-cels.html/comment-page-1#comment-66399</link>
		<dc:creator>Mark Seecof</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 18:39:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.concurringopinions.com/?p=22396#comment-66399</guid>
		<description>Are you really that eager to make people to think you are a jerk?

The &quot;Volokh Conspirators&quot; do not want &quot;guns in the hands of felons on the street.&quot;  (Some V. Conspirators apparently do favor guns in the hands of law-abiding people-- so they can defend themselves against those felons for whom you feel such empathy.)

Your asinine suggestion that the Conspirators regard the arrest of dangerous felons as a &quot;bad outcome&quot; seems more likely to make you look foolish than them.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Are you really that eager to make people to think you are a jerk?</p>
<p>The &#8220;Volokh Conspirators&#8221; do not want &#8220;guns in the hands of felons on the street.&#8221;  (Some V. Conspirators apparently do favor guns in the hands of law-abiding people&#8211; so they can defend themselves against those felons for whom you feel such empathy.)</p>
<p>Your asinine suggestion that the Conspirators regard the arrest of dangerous felons as a &#8220;bad outcome&#8221; seems more likely to make you look foolish than them.</p>
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